Lecture method

 

Lecture method

Lecture method can be considered as the oldest teaching method. It is based on the philosophy of idealism. It is the method of imparting information through a speech. It is the method of depicting everything in words. The speaker speaks and the listeners listen. Lecture is generally described as teacher centered teaching method involving one way communication.  . Lecture method so far been the most widely used at the secondary and college levels. It is also known as chalk and talk method. The effectiveness mainly depends upon the communication skill of the teacher.

Definition

“The lecture is a pedagogical method where by the teacher formally delivers a carefully planned expository address on some particular topic”   James Micheal.

Steps in Lecture method


  

 



1) Preparation for the lecture:-

Before commencing a lecture, the teacher must keep in mind:

Who is your audience? – WHO

What is the purpose of your lecture? – WHY

How much time is available? – HOW LONG

What is your subject matter? – WHAT

This includes silent points like

(a) appropriate language and manner of presentation according to the nature of students.

(b) selection of audio-visual aids and instructional materials.

(c) planning the motivational technique

(d) anticipating certain difficulties and problem during the lecture.

(e) finding suitable solution and alternatives to these barriers to a successful lecture.

(2) Introduction to the lecture:-

It should be done briefly and if it is executed poorly, it can initially kill off the enthusiasm of the student.

(3) Giving the body of the lecture:-

The teacher should have a given cognitive framework upon which he relies to achieve a more logical presentation.

(4) Conclusion of the lecture:-

Following technique can be used to wrap up the lecture.

(a) summarizing the major points presented.

(b) forming generalization

(c) giving implications.

When to use lecture method?

i. Cover the syllabus quickly.

ii. Introduce some new and difficult topics.

iii. Arrive at generalization from the facts students already possess.

iv. Impart factual knowledge.

v. Explain certain difficult points.

vi. Revise and summarise the lessons already learned.

vii. Give some background material for a topic.

How to evaluate a lecture

The evaluation can be either formative or summative. The evaluator can collect the data with the help of an evaluation tool also. The evaluation tool may contain the following factors.

I)    The speaker ‘s content expertise

II)  The language used

III)  The degree of transparency of presentation

IV)  Extent of realization of objectives

V) Use of audio visual aids and other mediators.

VI)  Attention and intellectual participation of the pupils.

            VII)  Extent of stimulus variation.

VIII)   Appropriateness of the method to the content.

Advantage of lecture method

·         It is easy for the teacher to prepare and execute. 

•        Large number of students can be handled at the same time.

•         It economizes time and effect.

•        The teacher can express his ideas very effectively by his tone, gestures and facial expressions

•        It provides better opportunity for clarification of important things. 

•        This method is more helpful in introducing a new topic 

•        Lecture method develops good audience habits.

•        It provides opportunities of correlating events and subjects. 

•        It gives the students training in listening 

•        It gives students training in taking notes

Disadvantages of lecture method

·   Lengthy lectures can easily lead to boredom. 

•   It does not encourage pupil activity unless the lecture is extremely competent

•   The students are generally passive listeners.

•   The average student may not be able to fix up his attention to a lecture of say 45 minutes

•   During this span his attention may be diverted.

•   In this method more content may be covered by a teacher, but less learning may take place.

•   A lecture may become monotonous to the pupils after a while. Very few teachers can keep interest up-to the end. 

•   There is no way to know the real reactions of the pupils. Whether they are attentive and are understanding the lesson is rather difficult to know

•   It lay too much stress on memory work.

•   It does not encourage independent thinking, discovering, exploring and taking initiative.

•    It does not inculcate scientific attitudes and training in scientific method among students.

•   There is no place for learning by doing.

•   The method is undemocratic rather it is authoritarian.

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